John Marx And Ivan Turgenev s Views On Human Life And...

Mankind The article How and How Not to Love Mankind introduces the writer s perspectives of the welfare for humankind, especially the poor in the society. 1 The author presents two great men who had contrasting suppositions on the prosperity of mankind in the early times.The two extraordinary men were great European authors, and they are Karl Marx and Ivan Turgenev (Dalrymple, 1). The way that both men were conceived around the same time does not make them have indistinguishable perspectives on human life and suffering because they depict great irreconcilable differences. As indicated by the creator, Turgenev held the perspective of people as people who had distinct feelings sentiments, characters, cognizance, and good moral strengths and qualities, and also, weaknesses, All things considered, Turgenev had a passionate as well as emotional approach towards the human lives and enduring, particularly the misery that was available in the times of serfdom in Russia. 1 On the other hand, Marx is portrayed by the author as an individual who held no appreciation for the human lives and enduring in light of the fact that he saw people as the reason for their conditions amid those times. Marx does not acknowledge any efforts made by the workingmen in that period, and he holds anger to their loss of culture and their present situations. Both writers started their professions by composing sentimental sonnets before they embraced to expound on the human lives and enduring at that

Children cannot grow up as solitary individuals Free Essays

â€Å" Our kids ‘s jobs begin in the place, and can be solved at place. † Rearing is cardinal to the endurance and success of the human race. Everyone who has of all time lived has had parents, and most grownups in the universe become parents. We will write a custom essay sample on Children cannot grow up as solitary individuals or any similar topic only for you Order Now Opinions about rearing abound, but surprisingly small solid scientific information or considered contemplation exists about rearing. Rearing is a occupation whose primary object of attending and action is the kid. Children do non and can non turn up as lone persons but parenting is besides a position in the life class with effects for parents themselves ( Femmie Juffer, 2007 ) 5. â€Å" Children Begin by loving their parents ; as they grow older they judge them ; sometimes they forgive them. † – Academy award Wilde ( English humourist ) Since Mary Ainsworth and John Bowlby discovered that kids use their parents as a secure base to carry through their fond regard and geographic expedition demands, an impressive organic structure of empirical research has been devoted to the hunt for the beginnings and effects of ( in ) secure child-parent attachment relationships. Secure attachment relationships have been associated with better societal competency and with more optimum parent and peer relationships than insecure fond regards. The construct of secure attachment relationships and the related construct of parental sensitiveness appear to be extremely important for the clinical field, including the development and rating of attachment-based intercessions for at-risk and clinical households. The most of import portion of parenting is love and seting in clip and energy to back up kids. Although love is the most of import demand, it is non plenty. Unless parents understand their kids ‘s unique demands, they are unable to give their kids what kids today need. Parents may be giving love, but non in ways that are most helpful to their kid ‘s development. â€Å" Without an apprehension of their kids ‘s demands, parents can non efficaciously back up their kids. † On the other manus, some parents are â€Å" willing † to pass more clip with their kids, but do n’t because they do n’t cognize what to make or their kids reject their attempts. So many parents try to speak with their childs, but their childs merely shut up and state nil. These parents are willing, but do n’t cognize how to acquire their childs to speak. Some parents do n’t desire to shout at, hit, or penalize their kids, but they merely do n’t cognize another manner. Since speaking with their kids has non worked, penalty or the menace of penalty is the lone manner they know. â€Å" To give up old ways of parenting, new ways must be employed. † The universe is sing a crisis in rearing. Every twenty-four hours, there are increasing studies of kid and adolescent force, low self-pride, Attention Deficit Disorder, drug usage, adolescent gestation, and self-destruction. Almost all parents today are oppugning both the new and old ways of rearing. Nothing seems to be working, and our kids ‘s jobs continue to increase. Some parents believe that these jobs come from being excessively permissive and giving kids excessively much, while others contend that out-of-date patterns of parenting, like paddling and shouting, are responsible. Others believe that these new jobs are caused by negative alterations in society. Excessively much Television, advertisement, or excessively much force and sex on Television and in films are pegged by many as the perpetrators. Surely society and how it influences our kids are portion of the job, and some helpful solutions can be legislated by the authorities, but the biggest portion of the job starts at place. Our kids ‘s jobs begin in the place and can be solved at place. Besides looking to alter society, parents must besides recognize that they hold the power to raise strong, confident, concerted, and compassionate kids. To get by with the alterations in society, parents need to alter their parenting attack. During the past two hundred old ages, society has made an historic and dramatic alteration towards greater single freedom and rights. Even though our modern Western society is now organized by the rules of freedom and human rights, parents still use rearing accomplishments from the Dark Ages. Parents need to update their parenting accomplishments to raise healthy and concerted kids and teens. Businesss know that if they are to remain competitory in the free market, they need to maintain changing and updating. Likewise, if parents want their kids to be able to vie in the free universe, they must fix their kids with the most effectual and modern attacks to rearing ( John Gray, 2007 ) 11. Several societal tendencies are now disputing parent-child relationships. Single parent households may be the most at hazard. Although, there ever have been individual parents in the United States, the causes of lone parenting have changed. Single parents of old coevalss were chiefly widows and widowmans. Parents are now more likely to be individual because of divorce or ne’er being married. Individual parents in today ‘s society may be more stray and possibly more disillusioned than the individual parents of the yesteryear. The concluding study of the National Commission on Children, approximately 25 per centum ( more than 16 million ) kids lived with merely one parent in 1989, twice every bit many as in 1970. Parental employment places a great strain on parent-child relationships. Parents may hold to depend on other health professionals, for illustration, to put bounds and supply counsel during their kids ‘s formative old ages. Between 1970 and 1990, the proportion of female parents with kids under age six who were working or looking for work outside their places rose from 32 per centum to 58 per centum. Today, about 10.9 million kids under six have female parents in the paid labour force ( National Commission on Children, 1991 ) 74. Three facets of rearing have been highlighted as cardinal to kids ‘s early linguistic communication and acquisition: ( 1 ) the frequence of kids ‘s engagement in everyday acquisition activities ( e.g. , shared book reading, storytelling ) ; ( 2 ) the quality of caregiver-child battles ( e.g. , parents ‘ cognitive stimulation and sensitivity/responsiveness ) ; and ( 3 ) the proviso of age-appropriate acquisition stuffs ( e.g. , books and plaything ) . Early on and consistent engagement in everyday acquisition activities, such as shared book reading, storytelling, and learning about the letters of the alphabet, supply kids with a critical foundation for early acquisition, linguistic communication growing and emergent literacy. A overplus of surveies besides indicate that the quality of parent-caregiver interactions play a formative function in kids ‘s early linguistic communication and acquisition ( Tamis-LeMonda, 2009 ) 52. In the yesteryear, psychologists analyzing the development of kids focused about entirely on kids ‘s relationships with their female parents. Today, they have come to hold that male parents play a unique and important function in fostering and steering kids ‘s development. Many experts now believe that male parents can be merely as nurturing and sensitive with their babes as female parents. As their kids turn, male parents take on added functions of steering their kids ‘s rational and societal development. Even when a male parent is ‘just playing ‘ with his kids, he is fostering their development ( Ross Parke, 2006 ) 25. Need FOR THE STUDY The National Commission on Children ‘s national study titled Speaking of Kids ( 1991 ) studies that a bulk of American grownups, irrespective of age, race, matrimonial, or parental position believe that it is harder to be a parent today than it used to be ( 88 per centum ) and that parents today frequently are unsure about what is the right thing to make in raising their kids ( 86 per centum ) . Compared to ten old ages ago, respondents believed kids today are worse off with regard to their moral and spiritual preparation ( 53 per centum ) and the supervising and subject they receive from their parents ( 56 per centum ) . Children themselves wished that their parents were more persevering in puting and implementing regulations. Thirty-nine per centum of kids 10-17 said they â€Å" sometimes † wished their parents were stricter or maintain a closer ticker over them and their lives. Another 8 per centum said they wish this a batch. Merely about 1 per centum said they â€Å" ne’er † wanted their parents to be stricter or more attentive. Because of the rapid gait of alteration in our society and an increasing consciousness of and esteem for cultural and values diverseness, parents will go on to be challenged to spread out on traditional manners of childrearing. The wellbeing of our state ‘s kids is clearly at hazard. Harmonizing to the National Commission on Children ( 1991 ) , one in four striplings prosecute in societal behaviours that can take to serious longterm trouble ; many more are vulnerable for future jobs ( National Commission on Children, 1991 ) 72. Most parents do their best to supply a loving and nurturing atmosphere for their kids. Poor rearing includes the undermentioned behaviours: Maltreatment An environment where there is a batch of reasoning and struggle Ignoring the kid Some parents are overwhelmed by their ain personal state of affairss and are unable to look after their kids ‘s demands suitably. The kids who were ignored or who lived in high-stress families had problem showing themselves verbally. They besides had problem with societal accomplishments. Sharing plaything was hard for them, and they had problem playing. The British survey concluded that the deprived kids really started preschool with developing encephalons. The kids who were holding problem with their societal accomplishments could be helped if they received intensive aid from their instructors. Unfortunately, instructors are busy caring for the full category and have problem happening the clip to give the kids who are behind the degree of attending they need ( JC Redmond, 2009 ) 66. A survey by UNICEF of 21 industrialised states, An Overview of Child Wellbeing in Rich Countries ( 2007 ) , came to the singular decision that there is no strong relationship between per capita GDP and kid well-being. A government-funded reappraisal in Britain of research crossing 25 old ages found that the incidence of many mental wellness jobs in kids had doubled since the 1970s. Today, one in 10 British kids – that ‘s more than a million – suffers from a clinically recognizable upset, such as depression, anxiousness, anorexia or terrible anti-social behavior ( Tom McGurk, 2009 ) 71. â€Å" Surveies have shown that kids who go through their parents ‘ divorce have more behavior jobs, symptoms of psychological maladjustment, lower academic accomplishment, Social troubles and debatable relationships with both parents. In United States of America, reported statistics Tells that Children from fatherless places are: 5 times more likely to perpetrate self-destruction 32 times more likely to run off from place. 20 times more likely to hold behavioural upsets 14 times more likely to perpetrate colza. 9 times more likely to drop out of high school. 10 times more likely to mistreat chemical substances ( become drug nuts ) 9 times more likely to stop up in a state-operated establishment 20 times more likely to stop up in prison. 3 million teenage misss have sexually transmitted diseases At least 1 out of 4 adolescents ( between 14years to 19years ) suffer from sexually transmitted diseases ( CRISP, 2009 ) 73. Some of the rough worlds faced by kids in India are presented below: Less than half of India ‘s kids between the age 6 and 14 merely go to school. 95 in every 1000 kids born in India do non see their 5th birthday. Amongst married adult females in India today, 75 % were under age at the clip of their matrimonies. 58 % of India ‘s kids below the age of 2 old ages are non to the full vaccinated. And 24 % of these kids do non have any signifier of inoculation. More that 50 % of India ‘s kids are malnourished. More than 50 per cent of misss fail to inscribe in school ; those who do are likely to drop out by the age of 12. CHILD LABOR 19 % of kids are employed for domestic aid. 25 % of the victims of commercial sexual development in India are below 18 old ages of age. Large Numberss of kids work merely because there is no alternate – since, they do non hold entree to good quality schools. Poor and bonded households frequently â€Å" sell † their kids to contractors who promise moneymaking occupations in the metropoliss and the kids end up being employed in whorehouses, hotels and domestic work. Many run off and happen a life on the streets ( Sharanam Centre, 2007 ) 75. Everyone knows good parenting is good for the wellness of kids, but surveies show that good parenting besides consequences in kids who grow up to be healthier grownups. Research indicates that grownups who had nerve-racking relationships with their parents in childhood are more likely to endure from disease in midlife. â€Å" Since parents are normally the most meaningful beginning of societal support for much of early life, the perceptual experience of parental lovingness, and parental loving itself, may hold of import regulative and prognostic effects on biological and psychological wellness and unwellness † ( Claudia M. Lenart, 2009 ) 55. Joint detention and shared parenting ( i.e. , joint physical and legal detention ) have been studied for more than a quarter-century, with the bulk of surveies bespeaking important benefits for kids. When parents cooperate and minimise struggle, kids do better with shared parenting/joint physical detention. Rearing Can Overrule Effect of Genes in How Babies Respond to Stress, the survey found both cistrons and rearing were of import to the development of how babies ‘ encephalon which helps to modulate cardiac responses to emphasize. The findings suggest that although cistrons play a function in the development of physiological responses to emphasize, environmental experiences such as female parents ‘ sensitive care-giving behaviour can hold a strong influence, adequate to alter the consequence that cistrons have on physiology really early in life ( W. Roger Mills-Koonce, 2008 ) 68. It has been known for a long clip that life in poorness amendss kids ‘s rational abilities. Good Rearing Raises Kids ‘ Mental Skills. Survey Shows Better Parenting Skills Sharpen Minds of Kids in Poverty ( Martin Downs, 2008 ) 62. Babies need predictability and security, which they get when their female parent and male parent respond systematically, quickly, and suitably to their calls, smilings and other signals. As a babe develops a relationship with his or her female parent and male parent, he comes to prefer them to other grownups, in a procedure known as fond regard. Psychologists agree that babes with secure fond regards to their parents have better opportunities to develop into happy, successful, and well-balanced kids and grownups. The research worker had personal experience about the effects of rearing both its ailment effects and good effects. Investigator being specialising in the field community wellness nursing felt the demand and was motivated to carry on the survey on cognition sing the parenting roles among the twosomes of urban and rural community and learn them about rearing functions with the aid of multimedia bundle. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM â€Å" A comparative survey to measure the effectivity of multimedia bundle on cognition sing rearing functions among the twosomes of selected urban and rural community † . Aim To measure the bing degree of cognition sing rearing functions among twosomes of the urban and rural community. To measure the effectivity of multimedia bundle on cognition sing rearing functions among twosomes of the urban and rural community. To compare the pretest and posttest degree of cognition sing rearing functions between the twosomes of urban and rural community. To compare the pretest and posttest degree of cognition sing rearing functions between the male and female parent of urban and rural community. To compare the pretest and posttest degree of cognition sing rearing functions between the male parent of the urban and rural community. To compare the pretest and posttest degree of cognition sing rearing functions between the female parent of the urban and rural community. To tie in the average betterment of cognition mark on rearing functions with the selected demographic variables. OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS Effectiveness Refers to the result of the multimedia bundle sing rearing functions among twosomes of urban and rural community, which will be evaluated by the structured cognition questionnaire prepared by the research worker. Multimedia Package Refers to logically designed information ‘s with the usage of modern media to discourse and learn sing rearing functions. This bundle consists of learning stuff in the signifier of ocular literacy and picture in a sequence which explains the parent ‘s function in general parenting, developmental mileposts, cognitive development, moral development and acquisition disablements. Rearing It refers to the public presentation of assorted functions and activities of raising a kid instead than the biological relationship by the parents. Rearing Functions It refers to the function of the parents in raising the kid. Roles included in this survey are about General Parenting which includes significance and constructs of Responding, Preventing, Monitoring, Mentoring and Modeling ; Developmental Milestones which includes significance, designation of age specific undertakings of the kids, ways to assist the kid to achieve mileposts ; Cognitive Development which includes significance, phases of cognitive development and ways to better the cognitive development ; Moral Development which includes significance, phases of moral development and ways to better the moral development of the kid and Learning Disabilities which includes significance, causes, early warning marks and ways to take attention of kid with such job. Cognition Refers to the ability of twosomes to understand and reply the inquiry on rearing functions as elicited by structured cognition questionnaire. Couples Husband and married woman of selected urban and rural community with 1-6 year of married life holding kids. Premise Couples may hold some cognition sing rearing functions. Adequate cognition on rearing functions may assist the twosomes to supply effectual parenting. Adequate cognition sing rearing functions may forestall many childhood jobs. NULL HYPOTHESES NH1: There is no important difference between pre and station trial degree of cognition sing rearing functions among the urban and rural twosomes at the degree of P lt ; 0.05 NH2: There is no important difference between pre and station trial degree of cognition sing rearing functions between the urban and rural twosomes at the degree of P lt ; 0.05 NH3: There is no important difference between pre and station trial degree of cognition sing rearing functions between the male and female parent of urban and rural community at the degree of P lt ; 0.05 NH4: There is no important difference between pre and station trial degree of cognition sing rearing functions between the urban male parent and rural male parent at the degree of P lt ; 0.05 NH5: There is no important difference between pre and station trial degree of cognition sing rearing functions between the urban female parent and rural female parent at the degree of P lt ; 0.05 NH6: There is no important association between the average betterment cognition mark on rearing functions and selected demographic variables of the urban and rural twosomes at the degree of P lt ; 0.05 Boundary line The survey is delimited to a period of four hebdomad. The survey is delimited to the twosomes populating under the same roof. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK A conceptual model or theoretical account is made up of constructs that are mental image of a phenomenon. These constructs are linked together to show their relationship between them. The conceptual model is based on TRANSTHEORETICAL MODEL/ SOCIAL CHANGE MODEL ( JAMES.O.PROCHASKA ) . This model consists of the undermentioned elements. PRECONTEMPLATION: The theory says that the Individual has the job ( whether he/she recognizes it or non ) and has no purpose of altering and goes through the procedure of Consciousness raising ( information and cognition ) , Dramatic alleviation ( function playing ) and Environmental reevaluation ( how job affects physical environment ) . In this survey the research worker perceives the importance of the job and prepares the multimedia bundle with extended reappraisal of literature and expert ‘s sentiment to better the cognition of twosomes in selected urban and rural community sing the parenting functions on general parenting, kid ‘s cognitive development, developmental mileposts, moral development and acquisition disablements. Contemplation: This phase involves the Individual ‘s acknowledgment of the job and he/she is earnestly believing about altering and goes through the procedure of Self-reevaluation ( measuring one ‘s feelings sing behaviour ) . In this survey the research worker approaches the twosomes of selected urban and rural community and obtains their consent to take part in the survey after supplying equal information sing the demand for the survey and benefits thereby makes the twosomes to go cognizant of the job. Preparation: In this phase the single recognizes the job and intends to alter the behaviour through the procedure of Self-liberation ( committedness or belief in ability to alter ) . In this survey the research worker conducts the pre trial appraisal of cognition sing rearing functions among the twosomes of selected urban and rural community with the aid of the structured questionnaire. The structured interview agenda consists of demographic variables like age, gender, educational position, business, household income per month, faith, type of household, no of old ages of married life, no of life kids, age of the kid, topographic point of life, manner of acquiring information about parenting and structured questionnaire incorporating inquiries sing rearing functions on general parenting, kid ‘s cognitive development, moral development, developmental mileposts and larning disablements. The research worker prepares the twosomes for deriving the cognition sing rearing functions. Action: In this phase the Individual has enacted consistent behaviour alteration through the procedure of Reinforcement direction, Helping relationships, Counterconditioning and Stimulus control. In this survey the research worker by supplying the multimedia bundle which consists of talk in the signifier of pictural and picture shows sing rearing functions on general parenting, kid ‘s cognitive development, moral development, developmental mileposts and larning disablements provides a assisting relationship to derive equal cognition to supply good parenting to their kids. Care: In this phase single maintains new behaviour. In this survey the research worker conducts the station trial appraisal of cognition after one hebdomad from the twenty-four hours of intercession utilizing the same structured questionnaire which was used for pre trial to cognize the betterment in the cognition. If twosomes had equal cognition support was given by supplying brochure as care of cognition and twosomes with unequal cognition reappraisal was done. OUTLINE OF THE REPORT Chapter I: Dealt with the background of the survey, need for the survey, statement of the job, aims, operational definitions, void hypotheses, premises, boundary lines and conceptual model. Chapter II: Deals with the reappraisal of related literature. Chapter III: Presents the methodological analysis of survey and program for informations analysis. Chapter IV: Focuss on informations analysis and reading. Chapter V: Enumerates the treatment of survey. Chapter VI: Gives the sum-up, decision, deductions, recommendations and restrictions. The study ends with selected Bibliography and Appendices. How to cite Children cannot grow up as solitary individuals, Essay examples

Instructional Design Analysis free essay sample

I have recently noticed an instructional problem in the elementary school that I work at. Several of the teachers seem to have problems aligning their instruction with the curriculum they teach. I have witnessed numerous times, teachers incorporating activities into lessons that don’t even relate to the curriculum concepts being taught. The activities being incorporated into the lessons do not align with the objectives specified in the lessons. Therefore, the students are not learning what the objective claims that are. For example, I once observed a kindergarten teacher using a color by number activity to help her teach number order. I believe this was an ineffective way to instill the desired knowledge into her students. Color by number activities are fun and do require students to have number recognition skills, but they do not require the students to put the numbers in number order. Current vs. Desired Conditions Currently, several teachers in an elementary school are ineffectively teaching curriculum concepts they are required to teach. In return, students are confused, frustrated, and falling behind. When students are confused by what their teacher is trying to teach them, they become frustrated. When they become frustrated, they give up and end up not learning what the teacher wanted them to learn. This in turn causes them to make bad grades and fall behind grade level expectations. Desirable, if the teachers described above were incorporating activities into their lessons that actually related to the lesson objectives/curriculum concepts, a lot less students would be considered below grade level. When lesson activities relate to the lesson objectives/curriculum concepts, the students will gain a deeper understanding of the content being taught and will be able to use that content effectively. This will make for a less confused/frustrated classroom of learners. The students will become more confident in their abilities and will use that newly gained knowledge appropriately. Then there would be a lot less students making poor grades. This means that fewer students would be considered below grade level. Data Collection Classroom observations and teacher interviews were good ways to collect data in relation to the identified instructional problem. Tally sheet and antidotal notes were beneficial during the classroom observations. For teacher interviews, questionnaire sheets were a good way to collect data. (See Attached Examples) During the classroom observations, the tally sheet allowed me to identify the number of teachers I observed and allowed me to keep track of how many of the teachers I observed were/weren’t aligning their curriculum based lesson objectives and activities. Each classroom observation is equivalent to one lesson observed being taught. Each teacher observed was only observed one time. Therefore, each teacher was only observed teaching one lesson. There were a total of fifteen teachers observed and fifteen classroom observations total. The antidotal notes allowed me to take notes and make comments in relation to what I observed. I could use this to refer back to my observations as needed without getting my information mixed up between what I witnessed during each of the observations. I took note of what the curriculum standard was the teacher was teaching a lesson for. I took note of what the lesson objective(s) were. I took note of what the activity task was that was incorporated into the lessons. My results from the tally sheet and the antidotal notes showed me that nine of the teachers taught lessons that did not have appropriate alignment of activities and curriculum based objectives. Six of the teachers taught lessons that did have appropriate alignment of activities and curriculum based objectives. During the teacher interviews, I found using a questionnaire sheet to be an effective way to collect data. It allowed me to ask each teacher the same set of specific questions in relation to the lessons I observed them teach. This made it possible to get the teacher’s thoughts on their own teaching/lessons and it made it possible to address the major points on the lessons being taught. It even helped make the teachers reflect on themselves and their own lessons. Results from the teacher interviews indicated that seven of the nine teachers who did not align their lessons appropriately did not realize that they had made this mistake. When they were made to think about in the teacher interviews, they were able to reflect back. Their reflections made them realize their mistakes. The other two teachers from the nine who did not align their lessons appropriately did not think they had made a mistake. They honestly seemed to believe that their lessons did align. I tried to describe the nonalignment to them, but they just did not seem to understand what I was trying to tell them. This shows me that trainings or workshops about lesson alignments would be appropriate. As already stated, when teachers don’t align their lesson objectives and activities to the curriculum appropriately, student end up not making good grades become below grade level. Once lessons were taught, I kept a copy of the finished work performed by several students. This could have been activity results, or assessment copies. I could use these to see how students comprehended the lessons and were able to apply the knowledge gained. These are the items the students were graded on for completing. I could use those scores as examples of student curriculum concept understandings. These scores are used to give students grades. These grades are what determine if the students are at or below grade level. Quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection were used to conduct this instructional design analysis. In this situation, tally sheets and activity/assessment scores were quantitative. Antidotal notes and questionnaires were qualitative. Data Analysis I used the constant comparison/Grounded Theory technique of data analysis in this instructional design analysis. â€Å"The constant comparative method is a method for analyzing data in order to develop a grounded theory. The goal of the Grounded Theory approach is to generate theories that explain how some aspect of the social world works. The goal is to develop a theory that emerges from and is therefore connected to the reality the theory is developed to explain. (Glaser Strauss, 1967)† Mainly, after I identified an instructional design problem, I compared occurrences of the problem. I compared instances of teacher lessons aligned lessons vs. teacher lessons that were not aligned. I compared student’s scores on assigned tasks related to lessons that did and did not align appropriately. Teacher Aligned Objectives/Activities/Curriculum Average Student Task Scores NOT ALIGNED lllllllll = 9 72% ALLIGNED llllll = 6 81% 1 tally mark (1) = 1 classroom observation Student scores on assigned tasks were gathered by each classroom observation. A total of the student scores from the activities that did not align with the lessons taught were averaged together. A total of student scores from the activities that did align with the lessons taught were averaged together. The two different averages were then compared to show a difference in student achievement. Needs Analysis The data analysis determines that teachers that do not align their lesson objectives, activities, and curriculum concepts, have students that perform at lower levels. Teachers that align their lesson objectives, activities, and curriculum concepts, have students that perform on higher levels. It also shows that there are more teachers that actually don’t align the curriculum with the objectives and activities that they teach. The results of this instructional design analysis show a great need for workshops, classes, trainings, etc. that will increase teacher’s abilities and knowledge of how to align their instruction appropriately. Then, teachers will be more likely to teach appropriately designed lessons that will actually impact the knowledge of their students. Student performance scores will go up and less students be performing below grade level. Goal Statement After be provided with detailed instruction on how to align curriculum with lesson objectives and activities, classroom teachers will be able to write appropriate aligned lesson plans and teach those lessons to students who will then be at least 60% closer to grade level expectancy levels then they were pre teacher instruction.

Lord of the Flies Summary

'Lord of the Flies' Summary William Golding’s 1954 novel Lord of the Flies tells the story of a group of young boys who find themselves alone on a deserted island. They develop rules and a system of organization, but without any adults to serve as a civilizing impulse, the children eventually become violent and brutal. In the context of the novel, the tale of the boys descent into chaos suggests that human nature is fundamentally savage. Chapters 1-3 The novel opens with a young boy named Ralph and a chubby, glasses-wearing boy as they walk onto a lagoon wearing their school uniforms. We soon learn that they are part of a group of boys who were evacuated during the war and who survived the plane crash that followed what they suspect was an enemy attack. As Ralph and the other boy that there are no adults around, they decide they must attract the attention of any other surviving children. Ralph locates a conch shell and begins to blow into it, summoning the other boys with the noise. The chubby boy reveals that the other children used to call him Piggy. Ralph believes rescue is imminent, but Piggy argues that they must get organized because they may be stranded for some time. The other boys choose Ralph to be their leader, although the choice is not unanimous; the choir boys, led by Jack Merridew, do not vote for Ralph. Ralph gives them permission to form a hunting group. Ralph quickly establishes a rough form of government and order, exhorting the boys to enjoy their freedom, work together for their mutual survival, and maintain a smoke signal on the beach to attract any potential rescuers. The boys in turn agree that anyone holding the conch gets to speak without interruption. Ralph, Jack, and a boy named Simon are the popular leaders and begin a tense partnership. They explore the island and confirm it is deserted, but locate fruit trees and a herd of wild pigs that Jack decides he and his friends will hunt. The boys use Piggy’s glasses to spark a fire, but Piggy quickly finds himself an outcast despite his friendship with Ralph. Simon begins overseeing the construction of shelters, concerned for the younger boys- referred to as ‛littluns.’ Chapters 4-7 The initial burst of organization doesn’t last long, however. Without adults, most of the boys refuse to do any sort of work and instead spend their time playing and sleeping. At night, rumors of a terrible monster in the trees sparks a panic. Ralph insists monsters do not exist, but Jack says otherwise. He claims that his hunters will find and kill the monster, which boosts his popularity. Jack gathers a group of boys for a hunting expedition, which takes them away from the job of maintaining the signal fire. The fire goes out. Shortly after, a boat moves past the island, but does not spot the boys thanks to the lack of fire. When Jack and the other hunters return in triumph with a pig, Ralph confronts Jack, complaining that they missed their chance at rescue. Jack, angry at his moment being ruined, knows he cannot fight Ralph, and so beats up Piggy, breaking his glasses. As the boys cook and eat the pig ravenously- ignoring warnings about eating undercooked pork- Ralph tells Piggy he wants to stop being the leader, but Piggy convinces him to stay on. Piggy is terrified at what might happen if Jack took over completely. One evening, there is a dogfight between planes near the island, and a fighter pilot ejects. Killed in the air, his body floats down to the island and becomes entangled in the trees. A boy sees his corpse and parachute and is terrified, convinced that he has seen the monster. Jack, Ralph, and a boy named Roger head off to hunt the monster, and all three boys see the corpse and run in terror. Chapters 8-12 Now convinced that the monster is real, Ralph calls a meeting. Jack attempts a coup, but the boys refuse to vote Ralph down, and Jack leaves in a anger, saying he will start his own tribe. Roger sneaks away to join him. More and more boys begin to sneak away to join Jack’s tribe, lured by the roast pigs that Jack and his hunters are able to provide. Jack and his followers begin to paint their faces, and behave in an increasingly savage and primitive manner while Ralph, Piggy, and Simon try to maintain a semblance of order at the shelters. Simon, who sometimes suffers mental attacks, goes off into the woods frequently to be alone. Hiding, he observes Jack and his tribe perform a ritual designed to satisfy the monster- they impale a pig’s head on a sharpened stick and leave it as a sacrifice. It quickly becomes swarmed with flies, and Simon hallucinates a dialog with it, referring to it as the Lord of the Flies. The Pig’s Head tells Simon he is foolish to imagine the monster is a flesh-and-blood thing; it is the boys themselves who are the monster. The Lord of the Flies then tells Simon that the other boys will kill him, because he is the soul of man. As Simon walks away, he comes across the dead pilot and realizes that he has found proof that the monster does not exist. He runs back to the other boys, who have begun to dance in a crazed ritual. When Simon begins crashing through the trees, the boys believe he is the monster, and all the boys- including Ralph and Piggy- attack him in terror, killing him. Meanwhile, Jack has realized that while the conch is a symbol of power, the true power lies in Piggy’s glasses, which is the groups only means of starting a fire. Jack has the support of most of the boys, so he conducts a raid on Ralph and his remaining allies in order to steal Piggys glasses. Ralph goes to their home on the other side of the island, a rock formation known as Castle Rock. He takes the conch and is accompanied by Piggy and just two other boys, twins named Sam and Eric. He demands that Jack return the glasses. Jack’s tribe ties up Sam and Eric, and Ralph and Jack engage in a fight. Piggy, alarmed, takes the conch and attempts to address the boys, pleading for order. Roger sneaks up above Piggy and drops a heavy rock on him, killing the boy and destroying the conch. Ralph flees, leaving Sam and Eric behind. Jack hurts the twins until they agree to join his tribe. Jack orders the hunters to go after Ralph, who is told by Sam and Eric that they intend to kill him and impale his head on a stick. Ralph flees into the woods, but Jack sets fire to the trees to drive him out. As the flames begin to consume the whole island, Ralph desperately runs. Hitting the beach, Ralph trips and falls, only to find himself at the feet of a British naval officer. A ship spotted the flames and came to investigate. All of the children, including Ralph and Jack, suddenly begin to cry, collapsing in exhausted grief. The officer is stunned and expresses disappointment that good British boys would fall into such a state of misbehavior and savagery. Then he turns and studies his own warship contemplatively.